Geometry of Universe

The Universe

Two questions concerning our evolving Universe were at the center stage during the last century:

       1. Will the universe expand forever or will it start contracting at some stage due to its own Gravity?
 
       2. What is the geometry of the universe?


According to the General Theory of Relativity, these two questions related to why is the newest expanding in the first place? Frankly, we do not know. All one can say is that Einstein's general theory of relativity, which provides a Framework describe the universe, admits this possibility full stop and what will be the eventual fate of the universe? This is a question that concerns the geometry of the universe, and general relativity has a precise answer for this full stop according to general relativity, the curvature of space can be zero a positive or negative full stop which of these three possibilities describe how the universe depends on how much matter there is in the universe. If the density is greater than a certain "critical density" (whose value is roughly the mass of 5 protons per cubic meter),
 then the gravity of the universe will eventually pull back the matter, and the universe will be finite full stop the curvature of space would be positive.
 if, on the other hand, the density is less than the critical value then the curvature of space would be negative full stop if the density of the universe is precisely equal to the critical density then the curvature of space would be zero.

to be cont.

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Big Bang Theory the common misconceptions

There are many misconceptions surrounding the Big Bang Theory.

For example, we tend to imagine a giant explosion; experts however say that there were no explosion, there was an expansion rather than imagining a balloon popping and releasing its content, imagine a balloon expanding infinitesimally small balloon expanding to the size of a current universe

Another misconception is that we tend to image the singularity as a little Fireball appearing somewhere in space.

According to the many experts however space didn't exist prior to the Big Bang. Back in the late 60s and early 70's when man first walk up on the Moon.
Three British astrophysicist Stephen Hawking, George Elliot and Rodger penrose turn their attention to the theory of relativity and its implications recording on oceans of time in 1968 and 1973 published papers in which the exchange rate Einstein's theory of general relativity to include measurement of time and space.

Big Bang Theory evidence for the theory :

What are the major evidence is which support the Big Bang Theory

First of all, we are reasonable is certain that the universe at the beginning.

secondly, galaxies appear to be moving away from us at speeds of proportional to the distance this is called hubble's law named after Edwin Hubble who discovered this phenomenon in 1929 this observation supports the expansion of the universe and suggest that the universe was once compacted.

Third, the universe was initially very very hot is the Big Bang yes, we should be able to find some reminent of this heat.

Finally dependence of the light elements hydrogen and Helium found in observable universe are thought to support the Big Bang model of origin.

Understanding BIG BANG THEORY

The Universe..

• The age of Universe - 13.7 billion years old
• Its contents - 4.6% atomic matter; 24% dark matter; and 71.4% dark energy
• Its shape - it is "flat", meaning space adheres to Euclidean geometry, where straight lines can be extended to infinity and the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees, etc.
• The ignition of the first stars - now timed to have occurred some 400 million years after the Big Bang

Origin :

      The most popular and most believed theory of our Universe's origin is  BIG BANG.

What is Big-Bang :

In the extreme dense and hot singularity due to some fluctuations the well - known phenomena of "virtual particle" creation and annihilation. The spontaneous appearance of subatomic particles from a vacuum is called a QUANTUM  FLUCTUATION.
These fluctuations triggered the BIG BANG.

What happened then :

 When the universe began, it was just hot tiny particles mixed with light and energy.
After its initial appearance, it apparently inflated, expended and cool, going from very very small and very very hot to the size and temperature of our current Universe full stop it continues to explain and cool to this day and we are inside of it into table creatures living on a unique planet, circling a beautiful star clustered together in a beautiful Galaxy soaring for the Cosmos.

The tiny particles group together full stop they formed atoms. Then those atoms group together.
Over lots of time, atom come together to form stars and galaxies.
The first starts created bigger atoms and Groups of atoms called molecules that lead to more stores being born at the same time, Galaxies were crashing and grouping together.
As new stars were being born and died, then things like asteroids comets, planets, and black holes formed.

This is the BIG BANG THEORY.

REFERENCE : 

• NASA
• https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/big-bang/en/